Additionally, the American Geriatrics Society (AGS) 2015 Updated Beers Criteria recommends that older adults avoid taking PPIs on a regular basis for more than 8 weeks, except in high-risk patients, due to the potential risk of bone loss and fractures, as well as the risk of cardiovascular disease (CD).

What are the risks of long-term use of PPIs?

Although PPIs have a generally favorable safety profile, recent studies on the long-term use of PPI medications have identified a number of potential adverse effects, including an increased risk of fractures, pneumonia, Clostridium difficile diarrhea, hypomagnesemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, chronic kidney disease, and dementia, among other things.

Which complications can occur due to long-term use of proton pump inhibitors in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease?

Chronic PPI usage can have long-term repercussions, including an increased risk of hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, Clostridium difficile infections, and pneumonia, among other things.

Why shouldnt you take PPI long-term?

When compared to other acid-suppressing medications such as histamine-2 (H2) receptor blockers and antacids, the long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) might result in higher stomach pH, hypochlorhydria, and in rare circumstances, achlorhydria.

Which of the following adverse effects should clinicians be aware of in long-term users of PPIs?

For more than a decade, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a variety of safety warnings about the potential risks of long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), including the risk of fractures, hypomagnesemia (low magnesium levels), Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea, vitamin B12 deficiency, acute interstitial kidney disease (AIN), cutaneous and systemic lupus erythematosus events.

What is considered long-term use of a PPI?

In a clinical setting, usage of a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for more than 8 weeks might be considered long-term use in patients with reflux symptoms, while use for more than 4 weeks in patients with dyspepsia or peptic ulcer could be considered long-term use.

Why do PPIs cause side effects?

The liver is responsible for the metabolism of PPIs; as a result, individuals with liver illness may be at greater risk for enhanced hepatotoxicity, which might result in hypergastrinemia-induced carcinogenic consequences, particularly on the liver cells.

What is the most common side effect of Protonix?

The following are the adverse effects of Protonix that have been most often reported: Nausea or vomiting may occur. Diarrhea or constipation are both possible outcomes. Pain in the stomach.

What happens if you take omeprazole for too long?

Consequences over a long period of time You may experience more severe adverse effects if you take omeprazole for a longer period of time. These negative effects may include bone fractures. Infections of the gut The symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency include feeling extremely weary, having a painful and red tongue, mouth ulcers, and pins and needles.

Who should not use PPI?

PPIs are not without dangers. Increased risk of renal disease, as well as the possibility of worsening kidney disease. An increased chance of having a heart attack. People over the age of 75 are at increased risk of developing dementia. Absorption of calcium and vitamin B12 is impaired.