What Is The Drug Class Commonly Associated With Adverse Drug Events In Elderly Patients?

Epidemiological studies have found that the classes of drugs most commonly associated with adverse drug reactions in the elderly include diuretics, warfarin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitors.

What is the most common medication associated with ADEs in the elderly?

Among older adults, oral anticoagulants are the most common causes of adverse drug events (ADEs) leading to emergency room visits and emergent hospitalizations. Oral anticoagulants include warfarin and the direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) such as apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban.

What is the most common cause of adverse drug reaction in older adults?

Increased Sensitivity to Many Drugs: The problems of decreased body size, altered body composition (more fat, less water), and decreased liver and kidney function cause many drugs to accumulate in older people’s bodies at dangerously higher levels and for longer times than in younger people.

What is most commonly prescribed drug class for older adults?

Among U.S. adults aged 60–79, the most commonly used types of prescription drugs were lipid-lowering drugs (45.0%), antidiabetic agents (23.6%), beta blockers (for high blood pressure or heart disease, 22.3%), ACE inhibitors (21.3%), and proton pump inhibitors (16.9%).

What is the most common adverse drug event?

Eighty-eight percent of ADRs were predictable. Of these, 1.6% was classified as definitely preventable and 46.1% probably preventable. The ten most common ADRs were constipation, nausea +/- vomiting, fatigue, alopecia, drowsiness, myelosuppression, skin reactions, anorexia, mucositis and diarrhoea.

What are Type A adverse drug reactions?

Type A Reactions Type A (augmented) reactions result from an exaggeration of a drug’s normal pharmacological actions when given at the usual therapeutic dose and are normally dose-dependent. Examples include respiratory depression with opioids or bleeding with warfarin.

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WHO classification adverse drug reactions?

Drug reactions may be classified as: Type A: Dose-related reactions (adverse effects at either normal dose or overdose), eg. serotonin syndrome or anticholinergic effects of tricyclics. Type B: Non-dose-related reactions (i.e. any exposure is enough to trigger such a reaction), eg.

What is adverse drug reaction examples?

Examples of such adverse drug reactions include rashes, jaundice, anemia, a decrease in the white blood cell count, kidney damage, and nerve injury that may impair vision or hearing. These reactions tend to be more serious but typically occur in a very small number of people.

What is the leading cause of adverse drug reactions?

Factors which might increase the possibility of the occurrence of ADRs include; extremes of age, gender, multiple drugs, disease state, past history of ADR or allergy, genetic factors, large doses and many other factors.

What is the reason for adverse drug reaction?

An adverse drug reaction (ADR) is an injury caused by taking medication. ADRs may occur following a single dose or prolonged administration of a drug or result from the combination of two or more drugs.

Which medication classifications can pose safety risks for older adults patients?

Some drug categories (eg, analgesics, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, antiparkinsonian drugs, diuretics, hypoglycemic drugs, psychoactive drugs) pose special risks for older adults. Some drugs, although reasonable for use in younger adults, are so risky they should be considered inappropriate for older adults.

Which drug is more likely to be potentially inappropriate for older adults?

In one study, 19 percent of 2508 community-dwelling older adults were using one or more medications inappropriately; NSAIDs and benzodiazepines were the drug classes with the most potential problems [43].

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What are the adverse drug events?

An adverse drug event (ADE) is when someone is harmed by a medicine. Older adults (65 years or older) visit emergency departments almost 450,000 times each year, more than twice as often as younger persons.

Which are common adverse effects?

Some common examples mild adverse effects related to drugs include:

  • Constipation.
  • Skin rash or dermatitis.
  • Diarrhea.
  • Dizziness.
  • Drowsiness.
  • Dry mouth.
  • Headache.
  • Insomnia.

What are considered examples of adverse drug events and reactions?

Examples of such adverse drug reactions include rashes, jaundice, anemia, a decrease in the white blood cell count, kidney damage, and nerve injury that may impair vision or hearing. These reactions tend to be more serious but typically occur in a very small number of people.

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