The older population represents a vulnerable group at risk of nutritional deficiencies because of changes in body composition, the gastrointestinal tract, sensory function, and fluid and electrolyte regulation, because of chronic illness, the effects of medication and hospitalization and as a result of psychosocial

Why are older adults at increased risk for nutritional deficiencies?

Aging adults tend to eat fewer calories, due to decreased appetite and activity levels. This decrease in caloric intake can also lead to deficient levels of vitamins and minerals. These dietary deficiencies have been linked to chronic diseases such as: heart disease, cancer, and osteoporosis.

Why are the elderly at nutritional risk?

The elderly populations are more vulnerable to nutritional deficiencies due to a combination of factors, from physiological changes or deterioration of functions, such as appetite loss, changes in taste and drug–nutrient interactions, to social and economic factors such as income, living circumstances and lifestyle.

Why are older adults at particular risk for vitamin B12 deficiency?

Elderly people are particularly at risk of vitamin B12 deficiency because of the high prevalence of atrophic gastritis-associated food-cobalamin (vitamin B12) malabsorption, and the increasing prevalence of pernicious anaemia with advancing age.

How does malnutrition affect the elderly?

Malnutrition leaves our elderly vulnerable to infection, slower recovery time, and slower wound healing. It also causes weight and muscle loss that can lead to frailty, balance issues, falls, broken bones, disability, and loss of independence.

What is the nutritional assessment of the elderly?

The nutrition assessment process in older adults includes a health history and clinical diagnosis, determining clinical signs and performing a physical examination; obtaining anthropometric data, laboratory data, and dietary data; measuring functional status; and assessing food security.

Why is vitamin B12 important for elderly?

Vitamin B12 B12 is important for creating red blood cells and DNA, and for maintaining healthy nerve function. “Getting enough B12 is a challenge for older people because they can’t absorb it from food as well as younger people,” says Tucker. “Even if your diet contains enough, you may be falling short.”

What is the most common reason that vitamin B12 deficiency occurs in older adults quizlet?

Inadequate stomach acid or medications that cause decreased stomach acid. A much more common cause of B12 deficiency, especially in older people, is a lack of stomach acid, because stomach acid is needed to liberate vitamin B12 from food.

Why do seniors need B12 shots?

Shots often work better than oral supplements, because they allow the vitamin to bypass the stomach and intestines, making it easier for some older people to absorb it. Vitamin B12 isn’t toxic, even at high levels, so you don’t have to worry about your loved one getting too much of it.